Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader; Abdelmoneim Awadelgied

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader, Abdelmoneim Awadelgied

Published in World Journal of Applied Physics (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 4 February 2022 Accepted: 21 February 2022 Published: 4 March 2022

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Abstract

Cement is a soft bond material that hardens and acquires its mechanical properties in the presence of water; it is an industrial product that has many uses, including its use in construction, roads, bridges, and others. It is important in our life to know its components. In this study, a laser-induced breakdown spectrometer was used to detect the elements present in a sample of Sudanese mas cement. In this technique, a high-energy laser is applied to the surface of the sample, ionizing the atoms of the material and then evaporating it, and then producing hot plasma on the surface of the sample, and this plasma is analyzed with a spectrometer, and thus the components of the sample can be known. The laser source used in this study is (Nd: YAG). Delay times are one of the factors affecting the intensity of the libs signal, To determine the relationship between laser delay times and LIBS signal intensity, a mas cement sample was irradiated with 32mj laser pulse energy and (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 2000) nanoseconds delay times. We observed a decrease in the LIBS signal with increasing laser delay times. For quantitative analysis, the plasma temperature and electron density at (300, 500 and 700) laser delay times at 32mj laser pulse energy were calculated using standard equations and well-resolved spectral lines for Ca in the region of (422.67, 430.25 and 430.774) nm. It has been observed that when the delay time increases, the plasma temperature decreases and the electron density decrease. It was found that the density of electrons is directly proportional to the temperature of the plasma.

Published in	World Journal of Applied Physics (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
Page(s)	11-15
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mas Cement, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Laser Delay Time, Plasma Temperature, Electron Density

References

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[2]	F. Anabitarte, A. Cobo, J. M. Lopez-Higuera, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: Fundamentals, Applications, and Challenges, ISRN Spectroscopy. (2012), P. 1-12.
[3]	Nursalwanie Mohd Sabri, Zuhaib Haider, Kashif Tufail, Safwan Aziz, Jalil Ali, Zaidan Abdul Wahab, Zulkifly Abbas, Quantification of calcium using localized normalization on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data. (2017).
[4]	Muhammad Fahad and Muhammad Abrar, Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopic studies of calcite (CaCO₃) marble using the fundamental (1064 nm) and second (532 nm) harmonic of a Nd: YAG laser, Laser Physics. (2018), 8, Page Number: 085701.
[5]	Taesam Kim and Chhiu-Tsu Li, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Advanced Aspects of Spectroscopy. (2012).
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[7]	David W. Randall, Ryan T. Hayes, Peter and A. Wong, A Simple Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) System for Use at Multiple Levels in the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum, Journal of Chemical Education. Issue: (2013), 4, 456-462.
[8]	Nahid Talebi, Spectral Interferometry with Electron Microscopes, Scientific Reports (2016), 1.
[9]	Taesam Kim, Binh T. Nguyen, Vari Minassian, Chhiu-Tsu Lin, Paints and coatings monitored by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Journal of Coatings Technology and Research., (2007), 3, 241-253.
[10]	Amira Cipurkovic, Ilvana Trumic, Zorica Hodžic, Vahida Selimbašic and Abdel Djozic, Distribution of heavy metals in Portland cement production process, Advances in Applied Science Research (2014), 5 (6): 252-259.
[11]	A. Mansoori B. Roshanzadeh M. Khalaji S. H. Tavassoli, Quantitative analysis of cement powder by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, (2011), 49 (3), 318-323.
[12]	Muhammad FAHAD, Sajad ALI, and Yaseen IQBAL, Plasma diagnostics by optical emission spectroscopy on manganese ore in conjunction with XRD, XRF and SEM-EDS Plasma Science and Technology, (2019), 8, 085507.
[13]	T. Hussain, M. A. Gondal and M. Shamraiz, Determination of plasma temperature and electron density of iron in iron slag samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Issue: (2016), P 12-17.
[14]	Juanjuan Fan, Lei Zhang, Xin Wang, Yufang Li, Yao Gong, Lei Dong, Weiguang Ma, Wangbao Yin, Zhe Wang, Zheng Li, Xiangjie Zhang, Yi Li and Suotang Jia, Development of a Laboratory Cement Quality Analysis Apparatus Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Plasma Science and Technology (2015), 11., 897-903.
[15]	Liam Critchley, Advantages of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Brought to Mine Sites, AZO Mining (2020).
[16]	C. P. Grigoropoulos, W. E. Dutcher, K. E. Barclay, Radiative Phenomena in CW Laser Annealing, Journal of Heat Transfer, (1991), 3, 657-662.
[17]	Semira Ünal Yeşiller and Serife Yalcin, Optimization of chemical and instrumental parameters in hydride generation laser-induced breakdown spectrometry for the determination of arsenic, antimony, lead and germanium in aqueous samples, Analytica Chimica Acta 770 (2013) 7–17.

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Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader, Abdelmoneim Awadelgied. (2022). Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample. World Journal of Applied Physics, 7(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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ACS Style

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader; Abdelmoneim Awadelgied. Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample. World J. Appl. Phys. 2022, 7(1), 11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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AMA Style

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader, Abdelmoneim Awadelgied. Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample. World J Appl Phys. 2022;7(1):11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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@article{10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12,
  author = {Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader and Abdelmoneim Awadelgied},
  title = {Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample},
  journal = {World Journal of Applied Physics},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjap.20220701.12},
  abstract = {Cement is a soft bond material that hardens and acquires its mechanical properties in the presence of water; it is an industrial product that has many uses, including its use in construction, roads, bridges, and others. It is important in our life to know its components. In this study, a laser-induced breakdown spectrometer was used to detect the elements present in a sample of Sudanese mas cement. In this technique, a high-energy laser is applied to the surface of the sample, ionizing the atoms of the material and then evaporating it, and then producing hot plasma on the surface of the sample, and this plasma is analyzed with a spectrometer, and thus the components of the sample can be known. The laser source used in this study is (Nd: YAG). Delay times are one of the factors affecting the intensity of the libs signal, To determine the relationship between laser delay times and LIBS signal intensity, a mas cement sample was irradiated with 32mj laser pulse energy and (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 2000) nanoseconds delay times. We observed a decrease in the LIBS signal with increasing laser delay times. For quantitative analysis, the plasma temperature and electron density at (300, 500 and 700) laser delay times at 32mj laser pulse energy were calculated using standard equations and well-resolved spectral lines for Ca in the region of (422.67, 430.25 and 430.774) nm. It has been observed that when the delay time increases, the plasma temperature decreases and the electron density decrease. It was found that the density of electrons is directly proportional to the temperature of the plasma.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample
AU  - Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader
AU  - Abdelmoneim Awadelgied
Y1  - 2022/03/04
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
T2  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JO  - World Journal of Applied Physics
SP  - 11
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6008
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
AB  - Cement is a soft bond material that hardens and acquires its mechanical properties in the presence of water; it is an industrial product that has many uses, including its use in construction, roads, bridges, and others. It is important in our life to know its components. In this study, a laser-induced breakdown spectrometer was used to detect the elements present in a sample of Sudanese mas cement. In this technique, a high-energy laser is applied to the surface of the sample, ionizing the atoms of the material and then evaporating it, and then producing hot plasma on the surface of the sample, and this plasma is analyzed with a spectrometer, and thus the components of the sample can be known. The laser source used in this study is (Nd: YAG). Delay times are one of the factors affecting the intensity of the libs signal, To determine the relationship between laser delay times and LIBS signal intensity, a mas cement sample was irradiated with 32mj laser pulse energy and (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 2000) nanoseconds delay times. We observed a decrease in the LIBS signal with increasing laser delay times. For quantitative analysis, the plasma temperature and electron density at (300, 500 and 700) laser delay times at 32mj laser pulse energy were calculated using standard equations and well-resolved spectral lines for Ca in the region of (422.67, 430.25 and 430.774) nm. It has been observed that when the delay time increases, the plasma temperature decreases and the electron density decrease. It was found that the density of electrons is directly proportional to the temperature of the plasma.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader

Laser Institute, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
Abdelmoneim Awadelgied

Faculty of Engineering, Karary University, Khartoum, Sudan

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APA Style

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader, Abdelmoneim Awadelgied. (2022). Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample. World Journal of Applied Physics, 7(1), 11-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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ACS Style

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader; Abdelmoneim Awadelgied. Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample. World J. Appl. Phys. 2022, 7(1), 11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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AMA Style

Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader, Abdelmoneim Awadelgied. Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample. World J Appl Phys. 2022;7(1):11-15. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12

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@article{10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12,
  author = {Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader and Abdelmoneim Awadelgied},
  title = {Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample},
  journal = {World Journal of Applied Physics},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjap.20220701.12},
  abstract = {Cement is a soft bond material that hardens and acquires its mechanical properties in the presence of water; it is an industrial product that has many uses, including its use in construction, roads, bridges, and others. It is important in our life to know its components. In this study, a laser-induced breakdown spectrometer was used to detect the elements present in a sample of Sudanese mas cement. In this technique, a high-energy laser is applied to the surface of the sample, ionizing the atoms of the material and then evaporating it, and then producing hot plasma on the surface of the sample, and this plasma is analyzed with a spectrometer, and thus the components of the sample can be known. The laser source used in this study is (Nd: YAG). Delay times are one of the factors affecting the intensity of the libs signal, To determine the relationship between laser delay times and LIBS signal intensity, a mas cement sample was irradiated with 32mj laser pulse energy and (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 2000) nanoseconds delay times. We observed a decrease in the LIBS signal with increasing laser delay times. For quantitative analysis, the plasma temperature and electron density at (300, 500 and 700) laser delay times at 32mj laser pulse energy were calculated using standard equations and well-resolved spectral lines for Ca in the region of (422.67, 430.25 and 430.774) nm. It has been observed that when the delay time increases, the plasma temperature decreases and the electron density decrease. It was found that the density of electrons is directly proportional to the temperature of the plasma.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Studying the Effect of Delay Time on Intensity of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Technique Using Mas Cement Sample
AU  - Altaf Alsaid Mohamed Abdalgader
AU  - Abdelmoneim Awadelgied
Y1  - 2022/03/04
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
T2  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JF  - World Journal of Applied Physics
JO  - World Journal of Applied Physics
SP  - 11
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-6008
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20220701.12
AB  - Cement is a soft bond material that hardens and acquires its mechanical properties in the presence of water; it is an industrial product that has many uses, including its use in construction, roads, bridges, and others. It is important in our life to know its components. In this study, a laser-induced breakdown spectrometer was used to detect the elements present in a sample of Sudanese mas cement. In this technique, a high-energy laser is applied to the surface of the sample, ionizing the atoms of the material and then evaporating it, and then producing hot plasma on the surface of the sample, and this plasma is analyzed with a spectrometer, and thus the components of the sample can be known. The laser source used in this study is (Nd: YAG). Delay times are one of the factors affecting the intensity of the libs signal, To determine the relationship between laser delay times and LIBS signal intensity, a mas cement sample was irradiated with 32mj laser pulse energy and (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 2000) nanoseconds delay times. We observed a decrease in the LIBS signal with increasing laser delay times. For quantitative analysis, the plasma temperature and electron density at (300, 500 and 700) laser delay times at 32mj laser pulse energy were calculated using standard equations and well-resolved spectral lines for Ca in the region of (422.67, 430.25 and 430.774) nm. It has been observed that when the delay time increases, the plasma temperature decreases and the electron density decrease. It was found that the density of electrons is directly proportional to the temperature of the plasma.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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